Heterogeneous interconnections, which link regulated electricity markets to liberalised ones, are becoming increasingly important. Several such interconnections are set to be established in the near future especially between European and North African countries (e.g., Tunisia-Italy,...

The Smart Grid Interoperability Laboratory (SGIL) is situated in two sites of the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, namely Ispra (Italy) and Petten (The Netherlands). The lab belongsto the Energy Security, Distribution and Markets Unit and the activities vary from energy...

The concept of smart grid (SG) was made real to give the power grid the functions and features it needs to make a smooth transition towards renewable energy integration and sustainability. This was done by automating and digitizing the grid to give it the right amount of flexibility and...