Protecting biodiversity will require the phase-out of harmful production at a large scale. However, some of these … bilateral investment treaties they are parties to, that pose the most severe threat to biodiversity protection. It assumes that … foreign investment positions, and (iii) in countries with vulnerable biodiversity. To operationalize these notions, the paper …

the past century, and the establishment of arbitration forums across the world. Looks at how investment treaty arbitration …